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Required practicals

Biology practicals Chemistry practicals Physics practicals

Biology

4.1Cell biology

Cell structure Cell division Transport in cells

4.2Organisation

Principles of organisation Animal tissues, organs and organ systems Plant tissues, organs and systems

4.3Infection and response

Communicable diseases Monoclonal antibodies Plant disease

4.4Bioenergetics

Photosynthesis Respiration

4.5Homeostasis and response

Homeostasis The human nervous system Hormonal coordination in humans Plant hormones

4.6Inheritance, variation and evolution

Reproduction Variation and evolution The development of understanding of genetics and evolution Classification of living organisms

4.7Ecology

Adaptations, interdependence and competition Organisation of an ecosystem Biodiversity and the effect of human interaction on ecosystems Trophic levels in an ecosystem Food production

Chemistry

4.1Atomic structure and the periodic table

A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes The periodic table Properties of transition metals

4.2Bonding, structure, and the properties of matter

Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances Structure and bonding of carbon Bulk and surface properties of matter including nanoparticles

4.3Quantitative chemistry

Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations Use of amount of substance in relation to masses of pure substances Yield and atom economy of chemical reactions Using concentrations of solutions in mol/dm3 Use of amount of substance in relation to volumes of gases

4.4Chemical changes

Reactivity of metals Reactions of acids Electrolysis

4.5Energy changes

Exothermic and endothermic reactions Chemical cells and fuel cells

4.6The rate and extent of chemical change

Rate of reaction Reversible reactions and dynamic equilibrium

4.7Organic chemistry

Carbon compounds as fuels and feedstock Reactions of alkenes and alcohols Synthetic and naturally occurring polymers

4.8Chemical analysis

Purity, formulations and chromatography Identification of common gases Identification of ions by chemical and spectroscopic means

4.9Chemistry of the atmosphere

The composition and evolution of the Earth's atmosphere Carbon dioxide and methane as greenhouse gases Common atmospheric pollutants and their sources

4.10Using resources

Using the Earth's resources and obtaining potable water Life cycle assessment and recycling Using materials The Haber process and the use of NPK fertilisers

Physics

4.1Energy

Energy changes in a system, and the ways energy is stored before and after such changes Conservation and dissipation of energy National and global energy resources

4.2Electricity

Current, potential difference and resistance Series and parallel circuits Domestic uses and safety Energy transfers Static electricity (physics only)

4.3Particle model of matter

Changes of state and the particle model Internal energy and energy transfers Particle model and pressure

4.4Atomic structure

Atoms and isotopes Atoms and nuclear radiation Hazards and uses of radioactive emissions and of background radiation (physics only)Nuclear fission and fusion (physics only)

4.5Forces

Forces and their interactions Work done and energy transfer Forces and elasticity Moments, levers and gears (physics only)Pressure and pressure differences in fluids (physics only)Forces and motion Momentum

4.6Waves

Waves in air, fluids and solids Electromagnetic waves Black body radiation (physics only)

4.7Magnetism and electromagnetism

Permanent and induced magnetism, magnetic forces and fields The motor effect Induced potential, transformers and the National Grid (physics only)

4.8Space physics (physics only)

Solar system; stability of orbital motions; satellites (physics only)Red-shift (physics only)